ABSTRACT
Objective@#The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been engendering enormous hazards to the world. We obtained the complete genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from imported cases admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, which was appointed by the Guangdong provincial government to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The SARS-CoV-2 diversity was analyzed, and the mutation characteristics, time, and regional trend of variant emergence were evaluated.@*Methods@#In total, 177 throat swab samples were obtained from COVID-19 patients (from October 2020 to May 2021). High-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the viral sequences of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses were used to evaluate the mutation characteristics and the time and regional trends of variants.@*Results@#We observed that the imported cases mainly occurred after January 2021, peaking in May 2021, with the highest proportion observed from cases originating from the United States. The main lineages were found in Europe, Africa, and North America, and B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 were the two major sublineages. Sublineage B.1.618 was the Asian lineage (Indian) found in this study, and B.1.1.228 was not included in the lineage list of the Pangolin web. A reasonably high homology was observed among all samples. The total frequency of mutations showed that the open reading frame 1a (ORF1a) protein had the highest mutation density at the nucleotide level, and the D614G mutation in the spike protein was the commonest at the amino acid level. Most importantly, we identified some amino acid mutations in positions S, ORF7b, and ORF9b, and they have neither been reported on the Global Initiative of Sharing All Influenza Data nor published in PubMed among all missense mutations.@*Conclusion@#These results suggested the diversity of lineages and sublineages and the high homology at the amino acid level among imported cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong Province, China.
Subject(s)
Humans , Amino Acids , COVID-19/epidemiology , Genomics , Mutation , Phylogeny , SARS-CoV-2/geneticsABSTRACT
@#【Objective】To screen survival-related differential expression of long non-coding RNA（lncRNA）and its co-expressed genes in breast cancer patients and to verify their expression in breast cancer cells.【Methods】RNA-seq data of 943 cases（837 breast cancer + 106 normal controls）by the TCGA database were screened，and found that long non-coding MAPT-AS1 highly expressed，and breast cancer patients had longer survival. The long non-coding MAPT- AS1 overexpression and interference plasmid was constructed，and the constructed plasmid was transfected into breast cancer cell line T47D，and the stably expressed T47D cell line was screened by puromycin. The expression of long non-coding MAPT-AS1 and its co-expressed genes was verified by the methods of RT-qPCR.【Results】Fluorescence microscopy and RT-qPCR confirmed that the long non-coding MAPT-AS1 overexpression and interference-transfected breast cancer cell line T47D were successfully constructed，and the long non-coding MATS-AS1 interference fragment shRNA3 with the highest interference efficiency was screened. The expression of MAPT ，MAPT- IT1 and NXNL2 in the co-expressed gene was decreased after transfection of the shRNA3 interference fragment ，which was consistent with the expression trend of the long non-coding MAPT-AS1.【Conclusion】The long non-coding MAPT-AS1 overexpression and interference plasmid transfected breast cancer cell line T47D were successfully constructed，and the expression of the co- expressed gene was consistent with the database. The study laid the foundation for further study of the mechanism of action of long non-coding MAPT-AS1 gene in breast cancer.
ABSTRACT
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease, as it extends survival and increases quality of life in these patients. However, chronic allograft injury continues to be a major problem, and leads to eventual graft loss. Early detection of allograft injury is essential for guiding appropriate intervention to delay or prevent irreversible damage. Several advanced MRI techniques can offer some important information regarding functional changes such as perfusion, diffusion, structural complexity, as well as oxygenation and fibrosis. This review highlights the potential of multiparametric MRI for noninvasive and comprehensive assessment of renal allograft injury.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allografts , Diffusion , Fibrosis , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Kidney Transplantation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Oxygen , Perfusion , Quality of Life , TransplantsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI),H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and 3D whole-brain arterial spin labeling (3D ASL) in the diagnosis of medulloblastoma in the posterior cranial fossa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 16 patients with pathologically confirmed medulloblastoma in the posterior cranial fossa were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were examined with plane and enhanced brain MRI scans; 5 patients also underwent examinations with DWI, 12 with MRS, and 5 with 3D ASL.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Medulloblastomas were found in the vermis and the fourth ventricle in 9 cases, in the cerebellar hemisphere in 5 cases, and in the cerebellopontine angle in 1 case; in 1 case multiple lesions were detected. The tumors showed iso-intense or slightly hypo-intense signals on TWI, and iso-intense or hyper-intense signals on TWI and FLAIR. The lesions showed high signals in DWI and low signals in ADC. Intra-lesion cysts were common (n=12), and calcification and bleeding were rarely seen. Mild patchy enhancement (n=6) or significant enhancement (n=10) was seen after contrast agent administration. Obstructive hydrocephalus was found in 12 cases and the subarachnoid space was involved in 3 cases. In all the 12 patients receiving MRS examination, high Cho and low NAA were found with significantly increased Cho/Cr (≥3.5) and Cho/NAA (≥4.0) ratios; Tau peak was seen in 8 cases, and Lip peak was found in 4 cases. All the 5 patients receiving 3D ASL examination showed decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The characteristic features of medulloblastomas in DWI, MRS and 3D ASL offer assistance to the diagnosis of atypical medulloblastoma.</p>